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zypper openSUSE package manager

Version 1.14 · source

zypper, Postcard, light preview Light · Postcard 102 × 152 mm · PDF zypper, Postcard, dark preview Dark · Postcard 102 × 152 mm · PDF zypper, Postcard, ink saver preview Ink saver · Postcard 102 × 152 mm · PDF
zypper, A5, light preview Light · A5 148 × 210 mm · PDF zypper, A5, dark preview Dark · A5 148 × 210 mm · PDF zypper, A5, ink saver preview Ink saver · A5 148 × 210 mm · PDF
zypper, A4, light preview Light · A4 210 × 297 mm · PDF zypper, A4, dark preview Dark · A4 210 × 297 mm · PDF zypper, A4, ink saver preview Ink saver · A4 210 × 297 mm · PDF
zypper, A4 landscape, light preview Light · A4 landscape 297 × 210 mm · PDF zypper, A4 landscape, dark preview Dark · A4 landscape 297 × 210 mm · PDF zypper, A4 landscape, ink saver preview Ink saver · A4 landscape 297 × 210 mm · PDF
zypper, A3, light preview Light · A3 297 × 420 mm · PDF zypper, A3, dark preview Dark · A3 297 × 420 mm · PDF zypper, A3, ink saver preview Ink saver · A3 297 × 420 mm · PDF
zypper, A3 landscape, light preview Light · A3 landscape 420 × 297 mm · PDF zypper, A3 landscape, dark preview Dark · A3 landscape 420 × 297 mm · PDF zypper, A3 landscape, ink saver preview Ink saver · A3 landscape 420 × 297 mm · PDF
zypper, Letter, light preview Light · Letter 8.5 × 11 in · PDF zypper, Letter, dark preview Dark · Letter 8.5 × 11 in · PDF zypper, Letter, ink saver preview Ink saver · Letter 8.5 × 11 in · PDF
zypper, Tabloid, light preview Light · Tabloid 11 × 17 in · PDF zypper, Tabloid, dark preview Dark · Tabloid 11 × 17 in · PDF zypper, Tabloid, ink saver preview Ink saver · Tabloid 11 × 17 in · PDF

Start here

sudo zypper ref
Refresh repo metadata
zypper se <term>
Find a package
zypper if <pkg>
Read package details
sudo zypper in <pkg>
Install a package
sudo zypper rm <pkg>
Uninstall a package
sudo zypper up
Update installed packages
sudo zypper dup
Distribution upgrade
zypper lr
List repositories

Concepts

  1. Repositories /etc/zypp/repos.d
  2. Solver libzypp, one transaction
  3. RPM transaction install / remove / update
  4. History /var/log/zypp/history

Update and upgrade

zypper lu
List available updates
sudo zypper up
Update all installed packages
sudo zypper up <pkg>
Update one package
sudo zypper dup
Distribution upgrade (full sync)
Tumbleweed: this is the normal update. It may change vendors and remove packages, so read the summary.
sudo zypper dup --from <repo>
Upgrade only from a given repo
sudo zypper dup --releasever <ver>
Switch release during upgrade
Point the repos at the new release first (check with zypper --releasever <ver> lr -u), then refresh and run dup.
zypper lp
List needed patches
zypper pchk
Exit 100/101 if patches pending
100 means patches are available, 101 means security patches are available.
sudo zypper patch
Apply all needed patches
On SUSE Linux Enterprise this is the usual update path; Tumbleweed has no patches.
sudo zypper patch --category security
Only security patches
zypper lp --cve=<CVE-ID>
Patches for a CVE
sudo zypper up -D
Dry run, change nothing
sudo zypper -n up
No prompts, for scripts

Install and remove

sudo zypper in <pkg>
Install a package
sudo zypper in <pkg1> <pkg2>
Install several at once
sudo zypper in -y <pkg>
Install without asking
sudo zypper in --no-recommends <pkg>
Skip recommended extras
sudo zypper in -r <repo> <pkg>
Install from one repo
sudo zypper in <name>=<ver>
Install a specific version
sudo zypper in -f <pkg>
Reinstall a package
sudo zypper in <file>.rpm
Install a local RPM
sudo zypper in -D <pkg>
Dry run the install
sudo zypper in -t pattern <name>
Install a pattern
sudo zypper rm <pkg>
Remove a package
sudo zypper rm -u <pkg>
Remove with unused dependencies
sudo zypper si <pkg>
Install source build deps and sources
sudo zypper ve
Verify and repair dependencies
sudo zypper purge-kernels
Remove old kernels
Keeps the kernels set in multiversion.kernels in /etc/zypp/zypp.conf.

Search and inspect

zypper se <term>
Search names and summaries
zypper se -i <term>
Search installed only
zypper se -s <term>
Show versions and repos
zypper se -x <name>
Exact name match
zypper se -d <term>
Search descriptions too
zypper se -f <file>
Which package lists this file
zypper wp <file or cap>
What provides this
zypper if <pkg>
Show package details
zypper if --requires <pkg>
List its dependencies
zypper pa -u
Packages not installed
zypper pa --orphaned
Packages without a repo
zypper pa --unneeded
Packages nothing needs
zypper pt
List patterns

Repositories

zypper lr
List repositories
zypper lr -d
Repos with URI, priority, refresh
zypper lr -E
Enabled repos only
sudo zypper ar -f <url> <alias>
Add a repo with autorefresh
sudo zypper ar -p <n> <url> <alias>
Add repo with priority
1 is highest, 99 the default; a lower number wins when versions compete.
sudo zypper ar <file>.repo
Add repos from a .repo file
sudo zypper rr <alias>
Remove a repository
sudo zypper mr -d <alias>
Disable a repository
sudo zypper mr -e <alias>
Enable a repository
sudo zypper mr -p <n> <alias>
Change repo priority
sudo zypper mr -f <alias>
Turn on autorefresh
sudo zypper ref
Refresh all repos
sudo zypper ref -f
Force a full refresh
sudo zypper --gpg-auto-import-keys ref
Trust new repo keys
sudo zypper clean -a
Clear caches
zypper lr -e <file>.repo
Export repos to a file

Locks and maintenance

sudo zypper al <pkg>
Lock a package
Locked packages are not updated, installed or removed. Glob patterns like kernel-* work.
zypper ll
List locks
sudo zypper rl <pkg or #>
Remove a lock
sudo zypper cl
Remove locks matching nothing
zypper ps -s
Processes using outdated files
zypper needs-rebooting
Exit 102 if reboot advised

Recipes

Routine update
sudo zypper refzypper lusudo zypper up# Tumbleweed: use dup insteadzypper ps -s
Add a third-party repo
sudo zypper ar -f -p 90 <url> <alias>sudo zypper --gpg-auto-import-keys refsudo zypper in --from <alias> <pkg>
Hold a package back
sudo zypper al <pkg>zypper llsudo zypper upsudo zypper rl <pkg>
Security patches only (SLE, Leap)
zypper pchksudo zypper patch --category securityzypper needs-rebooting